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This created the need to train nursing students, and, in , the UC Training School for Nurses was established, adding a fourth professional school to the Affiliated Colleges. The grandeur of citywide reconstruction schemes required investment from Eastern monetary sources, hence the spin and de-emphasis of the earthquake, the promulgation of the tough new building codes, and subsequent reputation sensitive actions such as the official low death toll.
One of the more famous and ambitious plans came from famed urban planner Daniel Burnham. His bold plan called for, among other proposals, Haussmann -style avenues, boulevards, arterial thoroughfares that radiated across the city, a massive civic center complex with classical structures, and what would have been the largest urban park in the world, stretching from Twin Peaks to Lake Merced with a large atheneum at its peak. But this plan was dismissed during the aftermath of the earthquake.
For example, real estate investors and other land owners were against the idea due to the large amount of land the city would have to purchase to realize such proposals. Chinatown was rebuilt in the newer, modern, Western form that exists today. The destruction of City Hall and the Hall of Records enabled thousands of Chinese immigrants to claim residency and citizenship, creating a backdoor to the Chinese Exclusion Act , and bring in their relatives from China.
While the original street grid was restored, many of Burnham's proposals inadvertently saw the light of day, such as a neoclassical civic center complex, wider streets, a preference of arterial thoroughfares, a subway under Market Street , a more people-friendly Fisherman's Wharf , and a monument to the city on Telegraph Hill , Coit Tower.
The earthquake was also responsible for the development of the Pacific Heights neighborhood. The immense power of the earthquake had destroyed almost all of the mansions on Nob Hill except for the James C. Others that hadn't been destroyed were dynamited by the Army forces aiding the firefighting efforts in attempts to create firebreaks.
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As one indirect result, the wealthy looked westward where the land was cheap and relatively undeveloped, and where there were better views and a consistently warmer climate. Constructing new mansions without reclaiming and clearing old rubble simply sped attaining new homes in the tent city during the reconstruction. Reconstruction was swift, and largely completed by , in time for the Panama—Pacific International Exposition which celebrated the reconstruction of the city and its "rise from the ashes".
Since , the city has officially commemorated the disaster each year by gathering the remaining survivors at Lotta's Fountain , a fountain in the city's financial district that served as a meeting point during the disaster for people to look for loved ones and exchange information. The army built 5, redwood and fir "relief houses" to accommodate 20, displaced people.
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The houses were designed by John McLaren , and were grouped in eleven camps, packed close to each other and rented to people for two dollars per month until rebuilding was completed. They were painted navy blue, partly to blend in with the site, and partly because the military had large quantities of navy blue paint on hand. The camps had a peak population of 16, people, but by most people had moved out. The camps were then re-used as garages, storage spaces or shops. Most of the shacks have been destroyed, but a small number survived.
A study found that the fire had the effect of increasing the share of land used for nonresidential purposes: The study also provides insight into what held the city back from making these changes before In reconstruction, developers built relatively fewer of these buildings, and the majority of the reduction came through single-family houses. Also, aside from merely expanding nonresidential uses in many neighborhoods, the fire created economic opportunities in new areas, resulting in clusters of business activity that emerged only in the wake of the disaster.
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These effects of the fire still remain today, and thus large shocks can be sufficient catalysts for permanently reshaping urban settings. Individual citizens and businesses donated large sums of money for the relief effort: All residents were eligible for daily meals served from a number of communal soup kitchens and citizens as far away as Idaho and Utah were known to send daily loaves of bread to San Francisco as relief supplies were coordinated by the railroads.
After the earthquake, global discussion arose concerning a legally flawless exclusion of the earthquake hazard from fire insurance contracts. It was pressed ahead mainly by re-insurers. Their aim; a uniform solution to insurance payouts resulting from fires caused by earthquakes. Until , a few countries, especially in Europe, followed the call for an exclusion of the earthquake hazard from all fire insurance contracts. But the traumatized public reacted with fierce opposition. Thus the state decided that insurers would have to pay again if another earthquake was followed by fires.
Other earthquake-endangered countries followed the California example. Gold transfers from European insurance companies to policyholders in San Francisco led to a rise in interest rates, subsequently to a lack of available loans and finally to the Knickerbocker Trust Company crisis of October which led to the Panic of The Centennial Alliance [63] was set up as a clearing-house for various centennial events commemorating the earthquake.
Award presentations, religious services, a National Geographic TV movie, [64] a projection of fire onto the Coit Tower, [65] memorials, and lectures were part of the commemorations. Eleven survivors of the earthquake attended the centennial commemorations in , including Irma Mae Weule May 11, — August 8, , [68] who was the oldest survivor of the quake at the time of her death in August , aged Another survivor, Libera Armstrong September 28, — November 27, , attended the anniversary, but died in , aged Shortly after Hamrol's death, two additional survivors were discovered.
William Del Monte, then , and Jeanette Scola Trapani April 21, — December 28, , [71] , stated that they stopped attending events commemorating the earthquake when it became too much trouble for them. Nancy Stoner Sage February 19, — April 15, died, aged , in Colorado just three days short of the th anniversary of the earthquake on April 18, Del Monte attended the event at Lotta's Fountain on April 18, and the dinner at John's Restaurant the night before.
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In the National Film Registry added San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, April 18, , a newsreel documentary made soon after the earthquake, to its list of American films worthy of preservation. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For the earthquake, see Loma Prieta earthquake.
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For the earthquake, see South Napa earthquake. For other uses, see San Francisco Fire of Burning of the Mission District left and a map showing the extent of the fire. San Francisco Bay Area portal Disasters portal. Archived from the original on How large was the offset? Journal of Geophysical Research. Retrieved February 1, How long was the Crack? Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, Earthquake and fire today have put nearly half of San Francisco in ruins.
Archived from the original on September 28, Retrieved January 5, Guinness World Records Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco. Archived from the original on August 23, Retrieved September 3, Army Following the Earthquake".
1906 San Francisco earthquake
Archived from the original on March 28, Retrieved March 26, Archived from the original on June 14, Retrieved October 7, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved January 2, Retrieved April 3, Wells, The Future in America: Harper and Brothers, , pp. Business and City Planning on the Pacific Coast, — Museum of the City of San Francisco.
Support also notably varies by political orientation. The percentage of supporters and opponents by party is: Dan Richard, chair of the Authority, says in an interview with James Fallows that he believes approval levels will increase when people can start seeing progress, and trains start running on the tracks. XpressWest is a company that since has been trying to build a high-speed rail line between Southern California and Las Vegas, Nevada , part of the "Southwest Rail Network" they hope to create.
While many approvals have been obtained for the rail line from Victorville to Las Vegas, the section from Palmdale to Victorville has none as yet. Some have offered the idea that instead of risking the large expenditures of high-speed rail, existing transportation methods should be increased to meet transportation needs.
In a report commissioned by the Authority, a comparison was made to the needed infrastructure improvements if high-speed rail were not constructed. He has criticized the high-speed rail project as too expensive and not technologically advanced enough trains that are—according to Musk—too slow. On August 12, he released a high-level alpha design for a Hyperloop transit system concept which he claimed would travel over three times as fast and cost less than a tenth of the rail proposal. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Phase 2 Phase 1. Brisbane Light Maintenance Facility. San Joaquin River Viaduct. Phase 1 Phase 2. This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Route of California High-Speed Rail.
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History of California High-Speed Rail. Archived from the original PDF on September 10, Retrieved July 17, Retrieved 3 November Retrieved 16 October Archived from the original on November 26, Retrieved November 26, Retrieved January 14, Retrieved 19 November Retrieved 21 April The Future of California or a Boondoggle?
The New York Times. Retrieved 30 July The mile line from Los Angeles to San Francisco is scheduled for completion by Retrieved 16 September California Secretary of State.